• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a rubber particle treated and its method of obtaining which increases the density of the rubber and improves its adhesion in cement-based products as a binder. In the described method, granulated rubber is mixed with an aqueous dispersion of a polymeric compound and subsequently cement is added, in order to finally obtain a treated rubber particle. The present invention also relates to the incorporation of the treated rubber particle into building materials. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2689356A1
    申请号:ES201830828
    申请日:2018-08-14
    公开日:2018-11-13
    发明作者:José；Rocas Sorolla；Jorge ALTET TORNÉ；Joaquín Daniel BONELLI BLASCO
    申请人:Promotora Mediterranea 2 S A；Promotora Mediterranea-2 Sa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    TREATED RUBBER PARTICLE, METHOD OF OBTAINING AND MATERIAL OF
    CONSTRUCTION THAT CONTAINS
    DESCRIPTION
    TECHNICAL SECTOR
    The present invention relates to the construction materials sector and, in general, to industrial sectors that involve cement or aqueous solutions of basic pH as binders. More specifically, the present invention relates to material for the manufacture of screeds, leveling elements, interior insulating layers of facade, lightened fillings, New Jersey type barriers, among others.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The growing competition in the construction sector and the different requirements in certain structures, makes it essential to develop new materials with better properties, performance and lower cost. The introduction of alternative materials in cement and preparation of unconventional mixtures have been a tool for competitiveness.
    Several cementitious compositions have been developed in which alternative materials are used to improve the final properties of concrete and mortar. These materials include rubber, a material that, due to its properties and cost, is widely used in different sectors of the industry and poses a demand for alternatives for reuse and recycling.
    Document ES2315189 describes a cementitious composition of insulating materials of different kinds, comprising:
    - waste materials of different kinds, such as elastomeric materials such as rubbers, previously crushed into fine-grained particles,
    - binding materials for construction of different types such as cements, lime, plaster of different types, and epoxy and / or acrylic resins of different types;
    - Water; Y
    - organic and inorganic surfactants, adhesive materials, resins
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    or fluidizing and superfluidifying additives.
    Document ES2262913 refers to a method of manufacturing a composition made from cement and insulating materials of various types, with use in the field of construction. Specifically, it describes a composition consisting essentially of elastomeric waste materials (gums, etc.), binding materials acceptable in construction, and optionally water and organic or inorganic surfactants.
    Application US20180118618 also describes a process of manufacturing concrete from recycled waste that includes crushed tire rubber.
    Although some cement compositions have been developed incorporating rubber, the development of a new construction material in which rubber can be incorporated without reducing the quality of the final product and exhibiting advantages compared to other conventional products has not yet been achieved. . In the state of the art, the use of rubber residues in cementitious materials is proposed, but such processes do not allow the incorporation of rubber in high proportions and have the problem of flotation of rubber particles, which causes the material to remain on the cement surface giving an undesirable result. A study by Granzotto and Alves de Souza (Maringa 35 (2013), "Mechanical properties of structural concrete with partial replacement of fine aggregate by tire rubber", p. 39-44) sets a maximum addition of 5% of rubber particles as Sand substitutes in mortar mixtures, since higher proportions cause a significant impact on compressive and tensile strength, and a deterioration in workability and elastic modulus.A similarly, a study of the inventors of the present application concluded the infeasibility of adding untreated rubber in concrete, in percentages greater than 4% of the total aggregate volume, since higher proportions cause a significant decrease in the quality and performance of the final product.
    Siddique and Naik (Waste Management 24 (2004), “Properties of concrete containing scrap-tire rubber - an overview”, p. 563-569) mention the surface treatment of rubber with sodium hydroxide before its incorporation into concrete. However, the treatment does not significantly improve the characteristics of the final material, and causes a decrease in the compressive strength of the concrete.
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    In this way, there is a need and it is desirable to develop a method that allows the use of rubber for an improved interaction with the cement and that has a uniform distribution in the dough, so that it can be introduced in larger quantities in products with base cementice significantly improving the performance of the final cementitious material.
    Thus, the inventors of the present invention, after extensive and thorough experiments, have developed a treated rubber particle, which when incorporated into cementitious products as a binder, achieves a material with better performance in thermal and acoustic insulation, and lower probabilities fissure Furthermore, the present invention allows greater proportions of rubber to be introduced into the structures, so that depending on the percentage of incorporation it is possible to establish a desired elastic modulus in the final material.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    Therefore, in a first aspect, the present invention relates to a treated rubber particle.
    In a second aspect, the present invention relates to the method of treating rubber for obtaining treated rubber particles.
    Also, the present invention relates to the uses of rubber particles and their incorporation into various cementitious based products as a binder.
    Therefore, as mentioned above, in a first aspect, the present invention relates to a treated rubber particle characterized in that it comprises, a granulated rubber core, an intermediate layer comprising a polymeric compound, and an outer layer which comprises powdered cement. The intermediate layer completely surrounds the rubber particle and provides adhesion of the cement (outer layer), which also surrounds the entire intermediate layer. The treated rubber particle has an average density of between 0.75 and 0.85 kg / L.
    Preferably, the granulated rubber present in the core has a grain size between 0.0001 and 40 mm in diameter. Also, the rubber present in the core is
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    of recycling processes for out-of-use tires (NFU) or processes in which rubber elements have been discarded (for example, obsolete rubber conveyor belts).
    Additionally, the present invention relates to a method of treating rubber and obtaining treated rubber particles, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
    a) mixing granulated rubber of grain size between 0.0001 and 40 mm in diameter, optionally in kneader, with an aqueous dispersion of a polymeric compound, to obtain wet rubber grains throughout its surface with said dispersion;
    b) adding powdered cement to said wet rubber grains, so that said powdered cement wraps and adheres to the entire surface of said wet rubber grains;
    c) let the mixture dry and shed the treated rubber particles, optionally at ambient conditions under the roof.
    In the context of the present invention, "shelling" refers to the physical separation of the treated rubber particles. Preferably, steps b) and c) are performed by keeping kneading.
    The granulated rubber used in the method has an irregular cubic shape and a density of approximately 0.45 kg / L.
    Preferably, the mixing ratio of the polymeric compound in step a) is between 25 and 99.9% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture of granulated rubber and dispersion. A suitable polymeric compound according to the invention is polyurethane, optionally high performance polyurethane.
    The amount of cement added in step b) is between 15 and 50% by weight based on the weight of the wet granulated rubber. The addition of cement varies depending on the type of cement used in the method. At thinner cements the amount will be smaller, while at thicker cements it increases.
    Kneading in step during step b) is maintained for an appropriate time
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    to ensure complete homogeneity of the product. The time used will depend on the operating parameters of the mixer. Kneading is suspended once it has been verified that all rubber material impregnated with the dispersion is ‘wet’ with the cement, and the particles have been sheared.
    Preferably, the rubber used in the method of the present invention is obtained from recycling processes of out-of-use tires (NFU) or processes in which rubber elements have been discarded (eg, disused rubber conveyor belts) .
    In addition, optionally, the method of the present invention further comprises the step
    d) which consists of packing the treated rubber particles obtained in step c) in big-bag bags or for supply in bulk.
    To improve the conditions of drying and in winter (temperature below 7 ° C and relative humidity above 70%), a calcium carbonate charge can be included in step b) to favor drying of the treated material.
    The rubber treatment method allows to increase the density of the granulate and improve the adhesion with the cement incorporated into the product as a binder.
    In addition, the present invention relates to the incorporation of treated rubber particles in cementitious base building materials as a binder. The products are prepared from dosed materials that include treated rubber particles. Additionally, the building materials comprise binder, aggregate, water and / or additives, in suitable proportions according to the desired conditions in the final structure.
    Preferably, rubber particles of the present invention are dosed in a proportion of between 5 and 30% by volume, based on the total volume of the components of the material.
    Within the framework of the present invention, suitable binders are joining means that can be cement, lime, plaster, which are dosed in a proportion of between 10 and 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the components of the material.
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    Aggregates are natural rocky materials dosed in a proportion between 25 and 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the components of the material. Suitable aggregates in the present invention are all natural, recycled or light aggregates, commonly used in the field of construction.
    Water is dosed for the production of material in a proportion of between 10 and 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the components of the material.
    Appropriate additives for the production of the cementitious base material of the present invention are plasticizers, superfluidifiers, retardants and / or aerators commonly used in the concrete and mortar industry, each additive, in a proportion not greater than 5% by weight, based in the total weight of the product, to provide desired characteristics to the final product.
    The incorporation of treated cement particles into building materials provides the following effects / advantages:
    - a low density of the final product with respect to the counterpart that does not incorporate treated granulated rubber, so that its incorporation as a lightening element in structures is possible;
    - improves the thermal insulation of the final product with respect to the homologue that does not incorporate treated rubber particles, so that depending on the percentage of rubber that is incorporated and the thickness of the element it can be considered in the calculation of the energy efficiency of the structure;
    - Improves the sound insulation of the product with respect to the counterpart that does not incorporate treated rubber particles, so that depending on the percentage of rubber that is incorporated and the thickness of the element can be considered in the calculation of the sound insulation of the whole;
    - use of recycled material for incorporation into structures, thus valuing projects that involve it;
    - reduces the likelihood of cracking of executed elements that incorporate treated rubber particles, taking into account the behavior observed in the fibers that are usually incorporated into these products;
    - at high proportions of rubber in the final product, considerable modification
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    of the elastic modules of the products to which it is incorporated, so that depending on the percentage of incorporation it is possible to obtain desired elastic modules.
    EXAMPLES
    For a better understanding, the present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the non-limiting products described below, which are obtained from the treated rubber particles of the present invention. Specifically, products made from the treated rubber particles are exemplified.
    Example 1: Self-leveling screed
    The product is manufactured in a concrete plant with the dosage indicated below:
    - Binder: 10-25% by weight
    - Arid: 50-75% by weight
    - Treated rubber particles: 5-30% by volume
    - Water: 12-20% by weight
    - Additives selected from plasticizers, superfluidifiers, retardants and / or
    venting, acceptable in the concrete sector, in a percentage not exceeding 5% by weight.
    The product is supplied fresh to work. The most common work placement mode is by pumping, commonly applied by mortar pumps. After pumping and placing the product, a deaeration is carried out, in order to extract the possible air bubbles trapped in the applied product. Finally, a curing liquid is applied to facilitate the hydration of the binder and avoid sudden losses of moisture in the applied product.
    After 48 hours of application, transit on the product is possible and after one week it is possible to apply loads on it.
    Prepared self-leveling coating has the following technical characteristics:
    - Density of the hardened product: 1600-1900 Kg / m3;
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    - Self-leveling capacity: runoff between 130 and 200 mm (UNE-EN 13813);
    - Compressive strength:> 10 MPa at 28 days (UNE-EN 13813);
    - Flexural strength:> 3 MPa at 28 days (UNE-EN 13813);
    - Open time (workability): 90 minutes; the use of retarding additives allows to extend the open time;
    - Thermal conductivity: between 0.770 and 1200 W / mK (UNE-EN 12664);
    - Sound insulation: 25 cm thick reticular concrete forged assembly over which a layer of the product effect of the invention of 6 cm <56 dB (UNE-EN-ISO-140-7) is superimposed.
    Example 2: Concrete
    The product is manufactured in a concrete plant with the dosage indicated below:
    - Binder: 20-30% by weight
    - Arid: 25-75% by weight
    - Treated rubber particles: 5-30% by volume
    - Water: 10-20% by weight
    - Additives selected from plasticizers, superfluidifiers, retardants and / or
    airy, acceptable in the concrete sector.
    The product is supplied fresh to work. The most common work placement mode is direct pouring or cupola. After product placement, conventional vibrating is carried out and, depending on the desired finish, it is finished with a brushing, fraying or finishing according to the project. Finally, a curing liquid is applied to facilitate the hydration of the binder and avoid sudden losses of moisture in the applied product.
    After 24 hours of application, transit on the product is possible and after one week it is possible to apply loads on it.
    Prepared concrete has the following technical characteristics:
    - Density of the hardened product: 1400-1900 Kg / m3;
    - Consistency: usual for a conventional concrete (UNE-EN 12350-2);
    - Compressive strength: 5-20 MPa at 28 days (UNE-EN 12390-2 and UNE-EN 12390-3);
    - Open time (workability): 90 minutes; the use of retarding additives allows to extend the open time;
    - The use of various additives existing in the market allow to particularize the final characteristics of the product.
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    Example 3: Performance test of conventional self-leveling mortar C-12 (product 1), self-leveling mortar with untreated rubber particles (product 2) and self-leveling mortar with treated rubber particles (product 3)
    10 A conventional C-12 self-leveling mortar is prepared (product 1). On the other hand, under the same conditions, a self-leveling mortar is prepared to which particles of untreated granulated rubber are added (product 2). In addition, under the same conditions, a self-leveling mortar is prepared to which the treated rubber particles of the invention (product 3) are added. The bulk and volume quantities added in the products are included in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. The properties measured in each product are included in table 3.
    Table 1. Mass composition of conventional self-leveling mortar products, with untreated granulated rubber and with treated rubber according to the invention.
     Component  Product 1 Product 2 Product 3
     Fine aggregate (kg / m3)  1600 1400 1400
     NFU treated (kg / m3)  - - 81
     NFU (kg / m3)  - 81 -
     Water (kg / m3)  343 315 315
     Cement (kg / m3)  300 300 300
     Superfluidifying additive (kg / m3)  3 3 3
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    Table 2. Volume composition of conventional self-leveling mortar products, with untreated granulated rubber and with treated rubber particles according to the invention.
     Component  Product 1 Product 2 Product 3
     Fine aggregate (l / m3)  603 528 528
     NFU treated (l / m3)  - - 100
     NFU (l / m3)  - 100 -
     Water (l / m3)  343 315 315
     Cement (l / m3)  300 96 96
     Superfluidifying additive (l / m3)  3 3 3
    Table 3. Measured properties in conventional self-leveling mortar products, with untreated granulated rubber and with treated rubber according to the invention
     Property  Product 1 Product 2 Product 3
     Cool density (Kg / m3)  2243 2099 2099
     Hardened density (Kg / m3)  1850 1730 1730
     Adhesion (N / mm2)  0.65 null 0.65
     Flexural Strength (MPa)  > 3> 3> 3
     Compressive strength (MPa)  > 12> 12> 12
     Thermal conductivity (W / mK)  Approx. 1,631 Cannot determine 0,773
     Improvement on trampling    Cannot determine fine ALw2 at 32 dB
     Acoustic insulation3 (dB)  514 Cannot be determined 56
     1 Value approx. in mortars aul  conventional onivelants (similar to reinforced concrete
    5 in terms of raw materials).
    2 Reduction of the weighted sound pressure level of floor covering impacts
    3 Measurement according to UNE-EN-ISO 140-7.
    4 Value in conventional self-leveling mortars (Official List of 10 Constructive Solutions for Acoustic Conditioning of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development.
    Text approved by exempt resolution No. 1434 (V. and U.) of March 7, 2014)
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2689356B2|2019-02-04|
    FR3085041A1|2020-02-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE10354179A1|2002-11-21|2004-06-09|Vollenschaar, Dieter, Prof.|Mixture for the production of an oscillating-damping normal concrete, light concrete or mortar comprises vulcanized ground rubber mixed with a base mixture of cement, additives and water|
    KR20040099819A|2003-05-20|2004-12-02|김인중|Sound absorpation panel|
    CA2565292A1|2006-10-18|2008-04-18|Wayne Bennett|Dry mix cement|
    CN101857399A|2009-04-09|2010-10-13|中国建筑材料科学研究总院|Rubber reinforced cement functional composite material and preparation method thereof|
    CN102400430A|2010-09-07|2012-04-04|方贵富|Construction method and structure of environmentally friendly, permeable and evacuating artificial playground of green building|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830828A|ES2689356B2|2018-08-14|2018-08-14|TREATED RUBBER PARTICLE, METHOD OF OBTAINING AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL THAT CONTAINS IT|ES201830828A| ES2689356B2|2018-08-14|2018-08-14|TREATED RUBBER PARTICLE, METHOD OF OBTAINING AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL THAT CONTAINS IT|
    FR1908405A| FR3085041A1|2018-08-14|2019-07-24|TREATED RUBBER PARTICLE, PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SAME, AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL THEREOF|
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